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Ji Xianlin (; August 6, 1911 – July 11, 2009) was a Chinese Indologist, linguist, paleographer, historian, and writer who had been honored by the governments of both India and China. He was born in Qingping County, now Linqing,〔 and died in the No. 301 Hospital, Beijing. ==Biography== Ji attended Sanhejie Primary School and the No. 1 Middle School in Jinan, then Shandong University. In 1930, he was admitted to Tsinghua University as a major in Western literature. In 1935, he went to University of Göttingen as an exchange student, choosing in 1936 to major in Sanskrit and less well known ancient languages, such as Pali, under Professor Ernst Waldschmidt 〔"(India gives Indologist Ji Xianlin top award )", ''China Daily'', January 27, 2008〕 receiving his Ph.D. in 1941, and studied Tocharian under Emil Sieg.〔 In 1946, he returned to China, becoming a professor at Peking University under the recommendation of Chen Yinke,〔 and began a long career as one of China's greatest scholars of ancient Indian languages and culture,〔 during the course of which he made discoveries not only about such things as Buddhism's migration from India to China, but also more mundane cultural changes, such as the spread of paper and silk making from China to India.〔 Soon after his arrival, Ji founded the Department of Eastern Languages at Peking University and was helped with working on and developing it by Jin Kemu. He became dean of the department and pioneered the field of Eastern studies in China, authoring 40 articles and 13 academic papers in the next three years. In 1956, he was elected commissioner of the Chinese Academy of Science's Department of Social Science.〔 During the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), he secretly translated the ''Ramayana'' from Sanskrit into Chinese retaining the poetic format, risking the punishment which befell those convicted as "intellectuals".〔〔 In 1998 he published ''Memoirs from the Cowshed'', his account of his life during that period, which attained great popularity in China.〔 In 1978, Ji became vice president of Peking University and director of the Chinese Academy of Science's Research Institute on South Asia. He also served as chairman of various professional organizations, including the Chinese Foreign Literature Association, the Chinese South Asian Association and the Chinese Language Society. During this period of his career, Ji published 11 academic books and over 200 papers in more than ten academic fields, including Chinese cultural research, comparative literature, and Sanskrit.〔 In 1998, he published a translation and analysis of fragments of a Tocharian Maitreyasamiti-Nataka discovered in 1974 in Yanqi.〔"(Fragments of the Tocharian )", Andrew Leonard "How the World Works", Salon.com, January 29, 2008〕〔"(Review of 'Fragments of the Tocharian A Maitreyasamiti-Nataka of the Xinjiang Museum, China. In Collaboration with Werner Winter and Georges-Jean Pinault by Ji Xianlin' )", J. C. Wright, ''Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies'', University of London, Vol. 62, No. 2 (1999), pp. 367-370〕〔"(Fragments of the Tocharian a Maitreyasamiti-Nataka of the Zinjiang Museum, China )", Ji Xianlin, Werner Winter, Georges-Jean Pinault, ''Trends in Linguistics, Studies and Monographs''〕 In addition to his translation of the ''Ramayana'', Ji wrote seven books including a short history of India.〔 and a history of Chinese cane sugar.〔Ji Xianlin, History of Chinese Cane Sugar, 1991, ISBN 978-7800409578〕 The Ji Xianlin Collection consists of 24 volumes containing articles on ancient Indian languages, Sino-Indian cultural relations, Buddhism, comparative and folk literature, essays, translations of literary works, etc.〔 Despite deteriorating health and eyesight, Ji continued to work. In the summer of 2002, he was hospitalized for a dermatological condition.〔 He died on July 11, 2009 in the No. 301 Hospital, Beijing. His son, Ji Cheng, said that Ji died of a heart attack. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ji Xianlin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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